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http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-20310799
＊新聞標題
Email trail helped FBI crack Petraeus case
＊標題解說
‧email trail：電郵蹤跡（名詞）
‧trail：蹤跡，痕跡（名詞）
a track, sign or smell that is left behind and that can be followed,
especially in hunting
The hounds were following the fox's trail.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/trail
‧crack a case：破案（動詞片語）
‧crack：破解（動詞）
crack something to find the solution to a problem, etc; to find the
way to do something difficult
to crack the enemy's code
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/crack
‧FBI：聯邦調查局（名詞）
Federal Bureau of Investigation (the police department in the US
that is controlled by the national government and that is responsible
for dealing with crimes that affect more than one state)
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/FBI
＊內文解析
■ 電子郵件是前中央情報局局長David Petraeus 和他的情人 Paula Broadwell 婚外情最重要的部分。
Email messages were at the heart of the affair between former CIA director David Petraeus and his lover Paula Broadwell.
‧X were at the heart of Y。
X= Email messages
Y= the affair between A and B
A= former CIA director David Petraeus
B= his lover Paula Broadwell
‧at the heart of X：X最重要的部分
heart (of something)the most important part of something
the heart of the matter/problem
The committee's report went to the heart of the government's dilemma.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/heart
‧affair：婚外情（名詞）
a sexual relationship between two people, usually when one or both
of them are married to somebody else
She is having an affair with her boss.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/affair
■ 在進行他們的戀情時，這一對經常交換信息，使用谷歌的 Web 電子Gmail郵件服務軟體。
The pair regularly exchanged messages while conducting their affair and regularly used Google's web-based email service Gmail.
‧The pair regularly did X and Y.
X= exchanged messages while conducting their affair
Y= used Google's web-based email service Gmail
■ 電郵信息是FBI調查的關鍵，一旦追蹤到一連串數位指紋，電郵信息幫了FBI挖出婚外情的證據。
The messages were also key to the FBI's investigation and helped it, once it had followed a trail of digital fingerprints, unearth evidence of the affair.
‧逗點之間的內容，可以先不看
The messages were also key to X and helped it （it 指FBI）unearth
evidence of the affair.
‧unearth：出土，挖出（動詞）
to find or discover something by chance or after searching for it
同義詞 dig up
I unearthed my old diaries when we moved house.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/unearth
■ 最初，然而，FBI調查員不知道他們將要挖掘出的內容會有如此嚴重的後果。
Initially, however, FBI investigators had no idea about the magnitude of what they were to uncover.
‧uncover：揭露，挖掘（動詞）
uncover somethingto discover something that was previously hidden or secret
Police have uncovered a plot to kidnap the President's son.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/uncover
‧magnitude：嚴重性（名詞）
the great size or importance of something; the degree to which something
is large or important
We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/magnitude
■ 相反地，調查開始是因為 Tampa居民Jill Kelley告訴一個局裡的朋友，她不斷收到威脅她，並告訴她停止與美國高階軍事人員過從甚密的郵件。
Instead the investigation began when Tampa resident Jill Kelley told a friend in the bureau that she kept receiving emails threatening her and telling her to stop fraternising with senior US military staff.
‧簡化來看：
X began when Y told a friend that she kept receiving emails
（doing A and B－分詞構句，threatening , telling 說明emails的內容）
X= the investigation
Y= Tampa resident Jill Kelley
A= threatening her
B= telling her to stop fraternising with senior US military staff.
‧the investigation began when….
when 在此應該理解為：考慮到某因素，
considering that
How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen?
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/when_3
‧fraternize(美式) fraternise(英式) with X：與 X友好往來，過從甚密（動詞）
to behave in a friendly manner, especially towards somebody that you are
not supposed to be friendly with
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/fraternize
■ 於是幫個忙，這位朋友開始展開調查，根據 NBC報導，認為這只是一個網絡騷擾的簡單案件。
As a favour the friend started to look into the case thinking, reports NBC, that it was a simple case of cyber-harassment.
‧cyber-harassment：網絡騷擾（名詞）
■ 在Webroot公司，一位資深的電腦安全調查員，Jacques Erasmus說，追蹤IP地址是任何數位犯罪鑒別科學調查的起點。
Jacques Erasmus, a veteran computer security investigator at Webroot, said tracing an IP address was the starting point of any digital forensic investigation.
‧veteran：老手（名詞）
‧computer security investigator：電腦安全調查員
‧trace：追蹤（動詞）
to find the origin or cause of something
The police traced the call
(= used special electronic equipment to find out who made the
telephone call)to her ex-husband's number
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/trace
‧forensic：法醫的，鑒識科學上的（形容詞）
connected with the scientific tests used by the police when trying to
solve a crime
forensic evidence/medicine/science/tests
the forensic laboratory
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/forensic
‧forensic investigation：犯罪鑑識科學的調查
‧digital forensic investigation：數位犯罪鑑識科學的調查（因為牽涉到電郵）
■ 調查幾乎陷入僵局，因為電子郵件起源的電郵帳戶以匿名的方式註冊。然而，沒有被隱藏的是發送信息的電腦的IP（互聯網協議）地址。
The investigation almost stalled because the email accounts from which the messages originated had been registered anonymously. However, what was not concealed was the IP (internet protocol) address of the computers from which the messages were sent.
‧originate：源起（動詞）
‧anonymously：匿名地（副詞）
‧conceal：隱藏（動詞）
■ 他們沒有發送電子郵件，用什麼方法互通信息？
它涉及到兩個人都知道 Web的電子郵件帳戶的登錄名和密碼。取代發送信息，這兩個人都寫草稿郵件。取代發送信息，這些信息都留在電子郵件服務的伺服器上，任何帳戶擁有者登錄時都可以看得到。
It involves two people knowing the login name and password for a web-based email account. Instead of sending messages, the two write draft messages that are never sent. Instead, the messages sit on the email services server and are seen when any account owner logs in.
‧draft messages：草稿郵件
‧login name：登錄名
‧password：密碼
‧account owner：帳戶擁有者
■ 由於沒有信件往返，這個花招會阻礙調查，因為這樣會有更少的資訊去進行。
As no messages travel, this ruse can hinder an investigation as there will be less information to go on.
‧ruse：花招（名詞）
a way of doing something or of getting something by cheating somebody
同義詞 trick
She tried to think of a ruse to get him out of the house.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/ruse
＊字彙整理
從追蹤電郵到揭發緋聞，這則熱門新聞，讓我們有機會認識追蹤a simple case of網路騷擾（cyber-harassment）報導的用語：
‧電郵蹤跡：email trail（名詞）
‧蹤跡，痕跡：trail（名詞）
‧追蹤：trace（動詞）
‧破案：crack a case（動詞片語）
‧婚外情：affair（名詞）
‧花招：ruse（名詞）
‧出土，挖出：unearth（動詞）unearth evidence of the affair
‧揭露，挖掘：uncover（動詞）不是 discover
‧與 X 友好往來，過從甚密：fraternize, fraternize with X（動詞）
‧法醫的，鑒識科學上的：forensic（形容詞）
‧數位犯罪鑑識科學的調查：digital forensic investigation（名詞）
‧草稿郵件：draft messages（名詞－複數型）
‧匿名地：anonymously（副詞）
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