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http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/31/business/japan-samsung-apple-court/index.html
＊新聞標題
Japanese court backs Samsung in latest Apple skirmish
＊標題解說
‧ back：支持（動詞）
標題主詞是 Japanese court 第三人稱單數，所以用 backs（動詞加 ‘s’）
‧ skirmish：小規模戰鬥（名詞）
‧ latest Apple skirmish：和Apple最近的一次交戰
＊內文解析
■ 三星被勒令向蘋果支付1億美元的專利侵權後一個禮拜，在另一場與美國競爭對手的交戰中，日本法院支持了這家韓國公司。
A week after Samsung was ordered to pay $1 billion to Apple for patent infringements, a Japanese court has backed the South Korean company in another dispute with its U.S. rival.
‧ 簡化來看：A week after this, a Japanese court has done that.
‧ patent infringements：專利侵權（複數型）
‧ in a dispute with its rival：與競爭對手的爭執（片語）
‧ rival：競爭對手（名詞）
■ 東京地方法院上週五裁定，三星沒有侵犯蘋果iPhone和iPad的專利，用在一些 三星的Galaxy智能手機和Galaxy平板上。
The Tokyo District Court on Friday ruled that Samsung did not infringe Apple's patents for its iPhone and iPad for some of its Galaxy smartphones and the Galaxy tablet.
‧ 簡化來看：X ruled that Samsung did not infringe A for B.
X= The Tokyo District Court 東京地方法院
A= Apple's patents for its iPhone and iPad 蘋果iPhone和iPad的專利
B= some of its Galaxy smartphones and the Galaxy tablet
一些三星的Galaxy智能手機和Galaxy平板上
‧ infringe X：侵 X 權（動詞）
infringe Apple’s patents 侵蘋果的專利權
to break a law or rule
The material can be copied without infringing copyright.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/infringe
‧ smartphones and tablets：智能手機和平板電腦（名詞-複數型）
■ 此案集中在三星的Galaxy S，Galaxy S2和Galaxy Tab 7等裝置上音樂和視頻與電腦同步的技術-蘋果公司說其競爭對手抄襲了該技術 。
The case focused on technology used in Samsung's Galaxy S, Galaxy S2 and Galaxy Tab 7 devices to synchronize music and video with a computer -- technology Apple says its rival copied.
‧ 簡化來看：The case focused on technology used in X to synchronize
music and video with a computer – 此案牽涉的技術是哪種技術？
used in 後面的內容在說明這技術是三星產品Galaxy S，Galaxy S2和
Galaxy Tab 7等裝置上音樂和視頻與電腦同步的技術
X= Samsung's Galaxy S, Galaxy S2 and Galaxy Tab 7 devices
technology Apple says its rival copied = Apple says its rival copied the
technology. 把 technology 放到前面
‧ copy：抄襲（動詞）copied（過去式）
■ 然而，法官Tamotsu Shoji不同意，並不接受蘋果公司 一億日元（一百25萬美元）的賠償要求，並下令加州的高科技巨頭支付訴訟費用。
However Judge Tamotsu Shoji disagreed and threw out Apple's 100 million yen ($1.27 million) claim and ordered the California-based tech giant to pay the costs of the lawsuit.
‧ 看到：Judge Tamotsu Shoji disagreed and threw out ....and ordered...
‧ throw out X：不接受 X（片語）
throw something out （片語）
to decide not to accept a proposal, an idea, etc.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/throw
‧ claim：索賠要求（名詞）
‧ pay the costs of the lawsuit：支付訴訟費用
‧ giant：大公司，大機構（名詞）
a very large and powerful organization
the multinational oil giants
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/giant
■ 該公司可在30天內提起上訴。
It has 30 days to file an appeal.
‧ appeal：上訴（名詞）
‧ file an appeal： 提起上訴（動詞片語）
a formal request to a court or to somebody in authority for a judgement
or a decision to be changed：
(British English) to lodge an appeal
(North American English) to file an appeal
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/appeal
■ 此案發生在上週五美國聯邦陪審團的決定之後， 該決定是下令三星支付蘋果十億五千萬美元因為三星抄襲iPhone和iPad 外觀和感覺的設計。
This followed last Friday's decision by a U.S. federal jury to order Samsung to pay Apple $1.05 billion for copying the look and feel of the iPhone and iPad design.
‧ 簡化來看： This follwed X 這發生在X 之後
X= last Friday's decision by a U.S. federal jury to order Samsung
to do Y
Y= pay Apple $1.05 billion for copying the look and feel of the iPhone and iPad design.
‧ X follow Y：X 發生在 Y 之後（片語）
to come after something/somebody else in time or order; to happen as a
result of something else
I remember little of the days that followed the accident.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/follow
■ 一個九人陪審團花了短短兩天半的時間，苦思達成它最終的裁決，靠的是數週的筆記和證詞的回憶，109頁給陪審團的說明，和數盒的憑據包括一堆相互競爭的智能手機和平板電腦作為參考的素材 。
A nine-person jury spent just two and a half days puzzling out its final verdict, with weeks of notes and memories of testimony, 109 pages of jury instructions, and boxes of evidence including a collection of contested smartphones and tablets as their guide.
‧ 簡化來看：X spent just two and a half days doing A, with B,C,and D
including E as their guide.
X= A nine-person jury 九人陪審團
A= puzzling out its final verdict苦思達成它最終的裁決（verdict）
B= weeks of notes and memories of testimony 數週的筆記和證詞的回憶
C=109 pages of jury instructions 109頁給陪審團的說明（instructions）
D= boxes of evidence數盒的憑據
E= a collection of contested smartphones and tablets
一堆相互競爭的智能手機和平板電腦產品
‧ puzzle out：苦思找到解決方案（動詞片語）
to find the answer to a difficult or confusing problem by thinking carefully
同義詞：work out
He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the house.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/puzzle+out#puzzle_2__9
‧ guide：不是指南，這裡要當「參考」的材料（名詞）
something that gives you enough information to be able to make a decision
about something or form an opinion
As a rough guide, allow half a cup of rice per person.
I let my feelings be my guide.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/guide
＊字彙整理
三星與蘋果之爭，戰場不只一個，讀這類新聞，我們學到一些談論高科技相關的侵權訴訟用語：
‧ 小規模戰鬥：skirmish（名詞）
‧ 抄襲：copy（動詞）
‧ 侵權：infringe（動詞）專利侵權：patent infringements（名詞-複數型）
‧ 與競爭對手的爭執：in a dispute with its rival（片語）
‧ 競爭對手：rival（名詞）
‧ 提起上訴：file an appeal（動詞片語）
‧ 索賠要求：claim（名詞）
‧ 陪審團：jury（名詞）
‧ 最後裁決：final verdict（名詞）
‧ 苦思找到解決方案：puzzle out（動詞片語）
