*閱讀全文請點擊此連結
http://edition.cnn.com/2012/07/15/opinion/ikenson-olympic-uniforms/index.html?iid=article_sidebar
*新聞標題
Why NOT make Olympic uniforms in China?
*標題解說
‧ 注意到標題的「NOT」全部大寫凸顯中國製造並沒有什麼不對,這種標題,一開始就點名立場:美國奧運制服在中國製造沒什麼不好,對新聞敏感的讀者,一讀標題就知道這是意見(Opinion)發表 ,並不是事實報導,所以發表在 Opinion (評論)版,編輯介紹撰寫本文的人:
Daniel Ikenson 主持自由派 Cato研究院的Herbert A. Stiefel貿易政策研究中心。
Daniel Ikenson directs the libertarian Cato Institute's Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies.
‧ X directs A Institute’s B Center
X 主持 在A 研究院 裡面的 B 中心
‧ libertarian:自由派的(名詞/形容詞)在此指出 Cato Institue 是屬於自由派
‧ studies:學術研究(複數型)
studies [uncountable + singular or plural verb]
(可接單數或複數動詞)
used in the names of some academic subjects
business/media/American studies
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/studies#study_1
‧ trade policy studies:貿易政策研究
*內文解析
編輯點出 Daniel Ikenson 的立場:
■ Daniel Ikenson說譁眾取寵的政客炒作美國奧運制服議題卻刻意忽略貿易實情。
Daniel Ikenson says the politicians who are grandstanding over the U.S. Olympic uniforms are glossing over the facts of trade.
‧ 簡化來看:Daniel Ikenson says X are glossing over the facts of trade.
X= the politicians who are grandstanding over the U.S. Olympic uniforms
(who 子句說明哪一類的 politicans 是 炒作U.S. Olympic uniforms的政客)
‧ grandstand over X:以 X 事件譁眾取寵(動詞片語)
‧ gloss over X:輕描淡寫,刻意忽略X(動詞片語)
‧ gloss over the facts of trade:忽略貿易實情
■ Daniel Ikenson 的文章裡提到:
貿易並非「我們的製造商」和「他們的製造商」之間的競爭。事實上,由於與外國公司合作美國公司能得到好處是藉由在整個生產過程中把適合各自地點的效率和優勢的特定功能和流程切割出來,分工合作所致。
Trade is not a competition between "our producers" and "their producers." In fact, U.S.-based firms benefit from collaborating with foreign firms by carving up the production process into distinct functions and processes that suit each location's efficiencies and strengths.
‧ X benefit from Y by doing Z( 從Y , X 獲利是藉由 Z)
benefit:從某事得利(動詞)
benefit (from/by something) to be in a better position because of something
Who exactly stands to benefit from these changes?
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/benefit_2
X=U.S.-based firms 總部在美國的公司
Y=colaborating with foreign firms 與外國公司合作
Z= carving up the production process into distinct functions and processes
把整個生產過程切割出特定的功能和流程
(that 子句說明這些功能與流程是適合各自地點的效率和優勢的)
‧ carve:切成小單位(動詞)
to cut a large piece of cooked meat into smaller pieces for eating
(大塊切成小塊,方便食用)
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/carve
‧ distinct:獨到特定重要的(形容詞)這字有不少意思,找找哪個比較合適
used to emphasize that you think an idea or situation definitely
exists and is important 同義詞:definite
Being tall gave Tony a distinct advantage.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/distinct
■ 正如貿易使得美國消費者得到低成本產品的好處,全球化使美國製造商能從取得成本較低的來源投入生產系統而獲利。這使他們能夠更有效地在國內和國外競爭。
Just as trade enables U.S. consumers to benefit from lower-cost final goods, globalization enables U.S. producers to benefit from access to lower-cost resources put into the manufacturing system. That enables them to compete more effectively at home and abroad.
‧ 簡化來看:Just as trade enables X, globalization enables Y
X= U.S. consumers to benefit from lower-cost final goods
Y= U.S. producers to benefit from Z
Z= access to lower-cost resources(that are 省略)
put into the manufacturing system.
■ 正如我們的美國運動員在倫敦的奧運會場跑道遊行穿著的是中國製造的制服,並揮舞著中國製造的美國國旗,很有可能,中國運動員將搭乘的是美國製造的飛機抵達倫敦,他們被訓練的器材是在美國設計和製造的,穿的是美國設計和製造的鞋類,他們其中有很多人是使用美國創造的科技,來讓自己的技能盡善盡美。
As our U.S. athletes march around the track at London's Olympic stadium wearing their Chinese-made uniforms and waving their Chinese-made American flags, there is a good chance that Chinese athletes will have arrived in London by U.S.-made aircraft, been trained on U.S.-designed and -engineered equipment, wearing U.S.-designed and -engineered footwear, many having perfected their skills using U.S.-created technology.
‧ 簡化來看:As U.S. athletes do X, there is a good chance that Chinese
athletes will have done Y
As U.S. 運動員(現在式),there is a good chance that
中國運動員很可能是(未來假設語氣,因為事實未知(奧會還沒開始):
will have arrived... will have been trained, wearing 和 having perfected.
現在分詞)
‧ athlete:運動員(名詞)athletes(複數型)
‧ engineer:在此不是名詞工程師,是設計製造(動詞)
2 [usually passive] engineer something to design and build something
The car is beautifully engineered and a pleasure to drive.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/engineer_2
*字彙整理
美國是自由民主國家,不同意見可以被讀到,讀這篇專文,我們可以學到一些自由派貿易的主張:
‧ 自由派的:libertarian(名詞/形容詞)
‧ 貿易政策研究:trade policy studies
‧ 以 X 議題譁眾取寵:grandstand over X(動詞片語)
‧ 輕描淡寫,刻意忽略X:gloss over X (動詞片語)
gloss over the facts of trade忽略貿易實情
‧ 從Y , X 獲利是藉由 Z:X benefit from Y by doing Z
‧ 切成小單位:carve(動詞)
‧ 設計製造:engineer(動詞)
這篇專文中文網站China Review News(中國評論新聞)有編譯,可以對照參考
美國部分政客和民眾近日因「中國製造」的美國隊奧運服而大動肝火,認為政府無視美國的失業問題,繼續將職位和資金流到中國。卡托研究所貿易政策研究中心副主任艾肯森(Daniel Ikenson)就此在美國有線電視新聞網撰文,批評那些拿「奧運服」製造話題的政客根本不瞭解經濟和貿易原則。文章編譯如下:
但是Daniel Ikenson 在 Cato 網站上的職稱是:Director 主任,不是副主任
Daniel J. Ikenson
Director, Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies