＊閱讀全文請點擊此連結
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-19446801
＊新聞標題
Funeral held for Neil Armstrong, first man on Moon
這是標題，省略了慣詞和Be 動詞，請看内文，有該句的詳細說法：
＊內文解析
■ 為登月第一人，美國太空人尼爾‧阿姆斯壯的私人葬禮已舉行。他上週六去世，享年82歲。
A private funeral service has been held for US astronaut Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the Moon. He died last Saturday aged 82.
‧ 簡化來看：X has been held for Y. 為 Y 舉行的X 已經完成了
Y= US astronaut Neil Armstrong 美國太空人阿姆斯壯
X=a private funeral service 私人葬禮儀式
‧ 在逗點後面的片語「the first man to walk on the Moon」（首度登月的人）
進一步說明 Neil Armstrong.
‧ last Saturday：上週六，也就是八月25日
■ 在俄亥俄州辛辛那提市舉行的葬禮，只請受邀人士參加，反映了阿姆斯壯強烈重視隱私的天性。
The funeral in Cincinnati, Ohio, was by invitation only, reflecting Armstrong's own intensely private nature.
‧ “reflecting Armstrong’s own intensely private nature”
分詞構句說明葬禮只有受邀者才能參加 （by invitation only）
‧ intensely private nature：強烈（重視）隱私的天性
■ 億萬名觀眾觀看阿姆斯壯在1969年7月20日登陸月球，並看他描述這行動是：「個人的一小步，人類的一大步。」
Hundreds of millions watched Armstrong land on the Moon on 20 July 1969 and describe it as: "One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind."
‧ 簡化來看：X watched Armstrong do A and B. 衆人看阿姆斯壯做了兩件事：
A= land on the Moon 登陸月球
B= describe it as： 描述登月行動為：
watch 人 do（原型動詞）something = 看某人做某事（動詞片語）
watch somebody/something do something
They watched the bus disappear into the distance.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/watch
‧ Hundreds of millions (people)：百萬的一百倍，億萬
■ 該句成為20世紀最有名的引言。
The line became one of the most famous quotes of the 20th Century.
‧ line：一行字，一句話（名詞）
a remark, especially when somebody says it to achieve a particular purpose
Don't give me that line about having to work late again.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/line
‧ quote：引言（名詞–複數型 quotes）正式用法 quotation (rather formal) (also rather informal quote) [countable]
a group of words or a short piece of writing taken from a book, play,
speech, etc. and repeated because it is interesting or useful
The book began with a quotation from Goethe.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/quotation
■ 週五，阿姆斯壯的家人和朋友以及同在太空業工作的同事們齊聚私人高爾夫俱樂部舉行葬禮。
On Friday, Armstrong's family and friends as well as fellow astronauts gathered at a private golf club for the funeral.
‧ 簡化來看：X gathered at a private golf club for the funeral.
‧ fellow：同伴的（形容詞）
used to describe somebody who is the same as you in some way,
or in the same situation
fellow members/citizens/workers
my fellow passengers on the train
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/fellow_2
‧ fellow astronauts：太空人同事（複數型）
■ 依照美國總統歐巴馬的指示週五美國各地降半旗紀念他的葬禮。
Flags flew half-mast across America on Friday, following President Barack Obama's order to mark the funeral.
‧ mark：紀念（動詞）
mark something to celebrate or officially remember an event that you
consider to be important
a ceremony to mark the 50th anniversary of the end of the war
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mark
‧ at half mast：降半旗（片語）
(of a flag) flown at the middle of the mast as a sign of respect for a
person who has just died
Flags were flown at half mast on the day of his funeral.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/at+half+mast#half-mast
‧ follow： 接受指示（動詞）
follow something
to accept advice, instructions, etc. and do what you have been told or shown to do
to follow a diet/recipe
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/follow
■ 計劃中，於9月12日在華盛頓將有個公眾悼念儀式。
A public memorial for the astronaut is planned on 12 September in Washington.
‧ public memorial= a public memorial service公衆悼念儀式
■ 阿姆斯壯的家人上週六說他死於心臟手術後的倂發症。
Armstrong's family said last Saturday that he had died from complications after heart surgery.
‧ complications：倂發症（名詞）
a new problem or illness that makes treatment of a previous one more
complicated or difficult
She developed complications after the surgery.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/complications#complication
■ 家屬聲明中稱讚他是一個「猶豫的美國英雄」，並敦促他的粉絲，效法他「服務，成功達成任務和謙虛」榜樣。
The family statement praised him as a "reluctant American hero" and urged his fans to honour his example of "service, accomplishment and modesty".
‧ The family statement praised him as X and urged his fans to do Y。
X= a reluctant American hero：不喜歡被稱為美國英雄的英雄，
猶豫的美國英看哦就雄，指他低調（願意默默做事），不愛出風頭
Y=honour his example of A, B, and C 效法他（A,B,C）的榜樣
A，B, and C= "service, accomplishment and modesty"
「服務，成功達成任務和謙虛」
‧ reluctant：行動之前猶豫的 （形容詞）
hesitating before doing something because you do not want to do it or
because you are not sure that it is the right thing to do
‧ a reluctant hero (= a person who does not want to be called a hero)
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/reluctant
‧ example：榜樣，被別人模仿的行為（名詞）
可能是好的（榜樣）可能是壞的
a person's behaviour, either good or bad, that other people copy
It would be a mistake to follow his example.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/example
‧ honour his example：效法他的榜樣（動詞片語）
‧ accomplishment：成功達成任務（名詞）
the successful completing of something
Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/accomplishment
■ 阿波羅11號是阿姆斯壯最後一次太空任務。1971年，他離開了美國太空總署（NASA），教授航天工程學。
Apollo 11 was Armstrong's last space mission. In 1971, he left the US space agency Nasa to teach aerospace engineering.
‧ aerospace：這個行業專門營造送進太空的交通工具－航天業（名詞）
the industry of building aircraft, vehicles and equipment to be sent
into space
jobs in aerospace and defence
http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/aerospace
■ 出生於1930年，在俄亥俄州長大，阿姆斯壯六歲的時候與他的父親第一次飛行，形成了他終身對飛行的熱愛 。
Born in 1930 and raised in Ohio, Armstrong took his first flight aged six with his father and formed a lifelong passion for flying.
‧ 前面省略了 Armstrong was born in 1930 and was raised in Ohio,
（分詞構句的一種）
＊字彙整理
從阿姆斯壯的登月創舉，到猶豫的美國英雄，讀他的新聞，我們學習緬懷登月第一人的用語：
‧ 登月第一人：first man on moon（標題）the first man to walk on the moon
‧ 私人葬禮儀式：a private funeral service（名詞）
‧ 降半旗：Flags flew half-mast（動詞）
‧ 公衆悼念儀式：a public memorial service（名詞）
‧ 只有受邀者才能參加：by invitation only（片語）
‧ 強烈（重視）隱私的天性：intensely private nature（名詞）
‧ 一個「猶豫的美國英雄」： a reluctant American hero
‧ 個人的一小步，人類的一大步："One small step for a man, one giant
leap for mankind."
‧ 航天工程學：aerospace engineering（名詞）
‧ 效法他的榜樣：honour his example（動詞片語）
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