英美美語

＊閱讀全文請點擊此連結

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-20536201

＊新聞標題

New York City celebrates day without violent crime

＊標題解說

‧ 標題以完整英文呈現：New York City celebrates a day without violent crime

冠詞 ‘a’ 省略

‧ crime：犯罪（名詞－可以是不可數）

‧ without violent crime：沒有暴力犯罪，without crime沒有加 ‘a’

＊內文解析

■ 在活著的人記憶中，紐約第一次渡過了完全沒有暴力案件的一天。

For the first time in living memory, New York has spent a day entirely without violent crime.

‧ in living memory：活著的人的記憶中（片語）

at a time, or during the time, that is remembered by people still alive

the coldest winter in living memory

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/living+memory#living_1

■ 市警局的首席發言人說，星期一是在最近的歷中最無流血事件的24小時。

The city police department's chief spokesman said that Monday was the most bloodshed-free 24-hour period in recent history.

‧ bloodshed：流血傷人（名詞）

the killing or wounding of people, usually during fighting or a war

The two sides called a truce to avoid further bloodshed.

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/bloodshed

‧ bloodshed-free：免於流血（形容詞）如果字典找不到這個詞，用

duty-free：免稅（形容詞）去推演 bloodshed-free的意思

that you can bring into a country without paying tax on them

duty-free cigarettes

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/duty-free

‧ chief spokesman：首要發言人（名詞）

■ 一整天，沒有一個謀殺，槍殺，刺殺或其他暴力犯罪事件被舉發報案。

Not a single murder, shooting, stabbing or other incident of violent crime was reported for a whole day.

‧ stab：刺殺（動詞）

stab somebody to push a sharp, pointed object, especially a knife,

into somebody, killing or injuring them

He was stabbed to death in a racist attack.

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/+stab

‧ report：報案（動詞）（注意：report有報導的意思，但這裡不該如此理解）

to tell a person in authority about a crime, an accident, an illness, etc. or about something bad that somebody has done

report something (to somebody) 

Have you reported the accident to the police yet?

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/report

■ 儘管7月兇殺案激增，但城市謀殺案的比率一如原來設定的目標到達了1960年以來的最低點。

Despite a July spike in homicides, the city's murder rate is on target to hit its lowest point since 1960.

‧ spike：激增（名詞）(informal, especially North American English)

a sudden large increase in something

a spike in oil prices

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/spike

‧ homicide：殺人案（名詞）

the crime of killing somebody deliberately

同義詞 murder

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/homicide

‧ on target：如設定的目標（片語）

on schedule; exactly as predicted. 

Your estimate of the cost was right on target. 

My prediction was not on target.

http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/on+target

■ 儘管在兇殺案下降的情況下，統計數據指出，整體犯罪率仍上升3％。

Despite the fall in homicides, statistics point to a 3% overall rise in crime.

■ 盜竊案也增加了9％，而警方則責怪這是因為智慧型手機盜竊案的激增。

There has also been a 9% increase in larceny, which police blame on a surge in smartphone thefts.

‧ larceny：盜竊案（名詞）

the crime of stealing something from somebody; an occasion when this

takes place

同義詞：theft

The couple were charged with grand/petty larceny

(= stealing things that are valuable/not very valuable).

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/larceny

‧ surge：激增（名詞）

a sudden increase in the amount or number of something; a large

amount of something

surge (in something) 

a surge in consumer spending

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/surge_2

另一個來自英國獨立報的報導：

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/new-york-goes-from-a-summer-of-blood-to-a-day-with-no-violent-crime-as-city-records-first-day-in-memory-where-no-one-was-shot-or-knifed-8368135.html

■ 紐約被視為世界最危險的地方之一，但自上一個星期日晚上10時25分，直到星期二上午十一點20分 ，該城市警方沒有一樁持刀或持槍攻擊的案例記錄。

New York used to be regarded as one of the most dangerous places in the world, but from 10.25pm last Sunday until 11.20am on Tuesday, not a single knife attack or gun crime was recorded by the city's police.

■ 因此，在活的人記憶中大蘋果第一次記錄了沒有人被槍傷或刺傷的一天。

The Big Apple thus recorded its first day in living memory during which no one was shot or stabbed.

‧ The Big Apple：就是 New York City

There is a great sense of excitement in New York and it has a reputation for being ‘the city that never sleeps’. The ‘ Big Apple ’, as it is sometimes called, feels alive, fast and at the centre of everything, with cars hooting, yellow taxis weaving through the traffic, brightly lit theatres, and restaurants busy late into the night.

http://oald8.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/the+big+apple#new-york

紐約市警局網站公布的消息

http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/html/home/home.shtml

■ 地鐵的犯罪案目前在紐約市是歷史低點，但不要把安全視為理所當然。請妥善保管您的電子裝置，不要引人注目，並保持警覺。

Subway crime is at historic lows in New York City, but don’t take safety for granted. Keep your electronic devices out of sight and stay alert.

‧ don’t take X for granted：不要把 X 視為理所當然（動詞片語）

‧ Keep X out of sight：保持 X 不被看到，不要讓 X 曝光（動詞片語）

‧ stay alert：保持警覺（動詞片語）

紐約市警局製作了宣導片，要民眾注意小心行動裝置被搶：

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ-1KC_JJIw

網友詢問：

http://www.mobile01.com/topicdetail.php?f=37&t=2975625&p=2

美國某些地方治安真的不是很好？

＊字彙整理

一天零流血的治安，成了紐約市足以傲人的政績，但仍然不能掉以輕心，讀這則新聞我們學到談論治安的用語：

‧ 犯罪：crime（名詞－不可數）

‧ 沒有暴力犯罪：without violent crime（片語）

‧ 活著的人記憶中：in living memory（片語）

‧ 流血傷人：bloodshed（名詞）

‧ 殺人案：homicide（名詞）

‧ 盜竊案：larceny(名詞)

‧ 如設定的目標：on target（片語）

‧ 激增：surge, spike（名詞）

‧ 刺殺：stab（動詞）

‧ 報案：report（動詞） 

‧ 不要把 X 視為理所當然：don’t take X for granted（動詞片語）

‧ 不要讓 X 曝光：Keep X out of sight 保持 X 不被看到（動詞片語）

‧保持警覺：stay alert（動詞片語）